TRIMMING ROOT AS ONE OF THE MEASURE OF CONTROL FRUIT VIGOR

Along with the ban on the use of certain chemicals, which are aimed to reduce the increased tree growth of fruit, such as (daminozide) and others. Again began intensive use cropping intensity, trimming roots , as one of the ways to reduce excessive tree growth in the intensive production of apples and especially pears. In the region of the Republic of Croatia, we can say that this measure is more intense , began to use the last 4-5 years, in parallel with the arrival of the race, the first modern plantation plantations planted since 2008, onwards. In particular, this measure is directed to control the vigor with varieties that are prone to alternatives, such as Fuji or Golden Delicious, to reducing the vigor further encourage the formation of flower buds better. Today, with all of our fruit growers serious this measure is accepted as one of the common agricultural practices in regular production and no one had not reviewed.

Since I have these days in the field are often encountered certain issues and "fears" about the operating of the agro (help) technical procedure, I decided to briefly here to write some of our practical experience regarding this procedure as well as for you to read and transmit experiences eminent world experts on the issue of pruning roots as one of the measures to reduce vigor. Even in the 1970s researchers in Switzerland (Schumacher, 1975; Schumacher et al., 1978), argued that trimming inspired in February, to the end of March. Their results showed that trimming in April or after the growing season in December did not give the expected results.According to research by Dr. Jim Schupp and Dr. Dave Ferree need to trim more than 60% of the root system to the measure had adequate effect. When the trimming depth comes since the root system of most slowly developing foundation stocks go more in breadth than in depth, but depth of over 40 cm provides sufficient effect all over it is not of practical significance. According to their research, it is best to go with trimming the beginning of flowering until two weeks after full bloom. Trimming closer bloom caused a greater shock and gives better results at a lot more dense trees, while each trim that happens later, causing minor shock and as a result the plant less responsive in terms of reduced vigor. According to the same source, very lush trees can be trimmed and twice within 30 days in order to enhance the effect. Their research shows that trimming the flowering period does not adversely affect fertility but can slightly reduce the size of fruits. It is generally slightly higher reduction of yield can happen only in case of extreme pruning the roots and if that follows from severe drought, but this is not a problem, because all of our serious manufacturers have an irrigation system, and, if necessary, can intervene with water and fertilization . The most direct benefits of reducing vigor pruning the roots are reflected in better brightness crown bpljom differentiation of flower buds for the next year (according to some authors and twice ??), better fruit staining, and reduced fruit drop before harvest.

Trim the roots of the apple

I have to say that would be with this and we could not agree, because they were with us in the practical treatment as the most effective proven treatments in late March until 20 days prior to the expected start of flowering. We worked and treatments after flowering in full vegetation, but never achieved the results as if it was done in March, but the blooms. Studies conducted by (Geisler and Ferree, 1984; Schupp and Ferree, 1990), in controlled conditions show that pruning dramatically reduces photosynthesis, transpiration and water potential even to the extent that neither injection of cytokinins in the trunk did not decrease the reduction caused by an increase in root pruning . Field experiments (Schupp and Ferree, 1987b), showed that the trimming does not affect the level of nutrients in the leaves, but the water potential of the plant. As it appears, in the year with excessive moisture reverses the effect of trimming to reduce vigor.

Frequently Asked Questions fruit growers in the field is what should be the ideal distance of the knife from the trunk during pruning. On this issue, Dr. Jim Schupp and Dr. Dave Ferree give the following suggestion: 1-if you want to provoke a strong response with very lush trees, then the distance of the knife from the trunk, it is necessary to adjust based on the value of the diameter of the trunk (3x- length of three diameters trunk), 2 if it is to result in a moderate response , then the distance should be set to 4-5 length diameter of the trunk, 3 - if it is to result in a weaker responseneeded the distance of the cutting element from the trunk to determine based on length of 5-7 diameter ducts . According to our experience in the field, it appears that this method of determining the distance of the cutting element of the trunk can be a good basis and will continue to own growers because of his own experience to accept them most ideal distance because they depend on a number of other factors and not only on the diameter of the trunk and the vigor of each variety . The last question to be answered is what frequency trimming should be applied. According to research the effect of trimming di usually takes two years, but it is recommended to trim it every year. We field the best experiences we have when trimmed by one side of the order every year, and thus cut in the rotation. In special cases (extremely lush trees), it is possible to sharply undercut both sides of the order in the same year, without causing a negative impact on fertility and yield. I hope that this review of the subjecttrimming roots in terms of reduced vigor, at least a little help in the decision on the use of agro (help) technical practices in intensive voćarenju. Video link to view trimmer roots in the work:  TRIMMING